![]() It includes a calculator which determines the critical angle when the indices of reflection are provided. The Wikipedia entry on Total Internal ReflectionĪn explanation of total internal reflection with drawings. This site is an applet which allows the user to change the angles and indices of refraction in order to observe reflection and refraction. It is a more simple and straight version compared to Stony Brook's (the link below). ![]() This site contains an applet which allows the user to change the angles and indices of refraction. This is a magic trick, and may cause students to misunderstand what total internal reflection is. Some resources suggest putting a drop of food coloring in the bottom of the bucket to match the laser light, giving the appearance that the water has permanently 'trapped' the colored light.However, this mess is water, and therefore easy to clean up. Make sure to have lots of paper towels! Towels or rags could be useful too.Place the cap back on, or put the bottle inside of the bucket. When the water level is a little above the hole there will be no total internal reflection although the stream will continue. It will bend closer to the bottle, and the bucket may need to be adjusted again. Also be aware that the stream's curvature will change as the water level decreases.Be ready to adjust the bucket which catches the stream of water. This process may need to be repeated several times. If the reflections of the light isn't clear, it may be necessary to expand the hole by drilling through the existing hole with a larger drill bit.The light should be visible through the entire stream. The light should reflect within the stream of water so that you could see at least a few points of reflection. Carefully remove the tape and then unscrew the top of the soda bottle.See Figure 2 (top left picture) for details. The laser should be lined up so that the laser light goes through the soda bottle, and into the center of the hole. The laser should be placed in a binder clip so it stays on, and then set on a stack of books and papers. Stand the soda bottle on top of a stack of books so the hole is facing the bucket.The cap will prevent leaking because it creates a vacuum in the bottle. First tape the hole and then fill the bottle with water.We used a 1/4 inch drill bit, however sizes as small as 7/32 inch worked as well. Begin with a drill bit that has a diameter which is slightly larger than the diameter of the laser that will be used. First set up the soda bottle by drilling a hole near the bottom of the bottle.
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